• The growth of anchorage-dependent cells on small particles 100-300 uM in size suspended in stirred culture medium.
• 1967 van Wezel cells grow on dextran beads in stirred bioreactor 1980 Meignier et al., described the first industrial process using microcarriers for foot and mouth disease virus.
• The key criteria were to get the surface chemically and electrostatically correct for cell attachment, spreading and growth

• Adhesion of cells to microcarrier surface
• Advantages of microcarrier cultures: