——需要同源序列模板,只能发生在细胞G2/S期

The MRN-CtIP-complex starts resection on the breaks to generate single stranded DNA (ssDNA). After resection the break can no longer be repaired byNHEJ. The ssDNA is first coated by RPA, which is subsequently replaced by Rad51 with the help of BRCA2. These Rad51 nucleoprotein filaments mediate strand invasion on the homologous template. Extension of the D-loop and capture of the second end lead to repair.

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HR需要以未受伤的姐妹染色单体的同源序列作为其修复的模板。

MRN复合物识别DSBs,结合到DNA末端,修复第一步就是要将DNA末端进行修剪,MRN复合物和转录因子CtIP(CtBP-interacting protein)促进DNA末端切割过程,造成5’末端DNA降解,产生3’单链DNA(ssDNA),3’ ssDNA被复制蛋白A(Replication protein A,RPA)包被,使其免受核酸酶的降解,去除二级结构;然后由BRCA2蛋白介导,RPA被重组酶RAD51替换,形成核蛋白丝寻找姐妹染色单体上的同源序列,RAD51蛋白介导侵入DNA双链模板,与同源DNA序列配对形成D-Loop结构,D-Loop延伸或与另一个末端连接,完成修复过程。

HR强迫症式的修复,虽然速度较慢,效率较低,但是精准

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