Artificial insemination is the placing of semen in the female reproductive tract by artificial techniques.

• Details of A.I. Details of A.I. – Deposits a prepared unit of semen into the reproductive tract of the female at a predetermined time to achieve fertilization –– Estrous Synchronization may be used

• [ ] Procedures of artificial insemination

  1. Semen preparation

  A.Semen collection—Semen may be collected via manual stimulation , electroejaculation

  B. or the use of an artificial vagina.

  C.Semen evaluation—semen it is evaluated for quality. under a microscope to verify that it contains an appropriate number of living sperm cells.

  D.Semen extension—Semen is extended to be divided into many units. specialized compounds often nutrients ,are added to enhance the viability and storage of the sperm cells.

  E. Semen storage—Semen is either frozen to –196°C or maintained fresh until use. Collections from pigs are kept at approximately 16°C for 2-4 days.

  2. Estrus detection

  Proper estrus detection results in a higher success rate for pregnancies and increases the efficiency of artificial insemination.

  A. Detecting Estrus signs vary between species. The best indication is standing heat. Many animals display extra mucus and redness in the vulva

  B. Technology in estrus: the use of blood, milk, and bodily fluid tests.

  3. Artificial insemination

  ① a technician must deposit semen in the reproductive tract of a female at the appropriate time. ② The female must be experiencing estrus. ③ In addition, the female must have displayed a standing heat. ④ The optimal breeding time and placement of the semen varies by species.

  • [ ] The advantages of AI
    1. Increases the use of outstanding sires— many producers can use an outstanding sire to breed their females.
    2. Eliminates the danger of keeping a sire—Some hazards are usually involved in keeping a sire on site.
    3. Reduce sire costs—In smaller herds, artificial insemination is usually less expensive than the ownership of a quality sire due to building, feed, and labor costs.
    4. Increase the number of different sires in the herd—Through artificial insemination, it is possible to introduce several different genetic lines into the herd through the use of different sires.